定義: 兩根以上相鄰肋骨有兩處以上骨折。造成paradoxical motion of chest wall(吸氣時內縮吐氣時外凸) Ref: ATLS, 9th ed. 診斷: 臨床診斷,視診和觸診palpation of abnormal respiratory motion and creptiation of rib or cartilage fractures。blunt trauma patients with paradoxical or reverse motion of a chest wall segment while spontaneously breathing。 重要性: pulmonary contusion所造成的lung injury和restricted chest wall movement associated with pain 是造成hypoxia 的主因 Patients with flail chest have deranged respiratory mechanics and usually require positive pressure ventilation. 治療要點 initial treatment: adequate ventilation, administration of humidifed oxygen and fluid resuscitation(avoid volume overload) definitive treatment: adequate oxygenation, administer judiciously and provide analgesia to improve ventilation。 止痛應避免respiratory depression local anesthetics 包含intermittent intercostal nerve block and intrapleural , extrepleural, or epidural anesthsia 參考資料 ATLS, 9th ed. Flail chest in Medscape Acute care surger...